1. What year did the Qing dynasty begin,

The Qing Dynasty began in the year 1636 and it ended in the year 1911.

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the correct answer that would best complete the given statement above would be option b. expanding civil services. diocletian and constantine paved the way for foreign invasion by dividing the empire, creating administrative bureaucracies and reorganizing the military, except for expanding civil services. hope this answer .

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