How did the disparity (difference) in wealth and opportunity between the patricians and plebeians lead to unrest and threaten the republic? How do these same inequalities or disparities of wealth and income threaten our democratic republic in the U. S., today? (Please answer today)

the answer is a) james madison.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

b.lincoln had the victory he wanted for emancipation