True or false: the Byzantine Emperors were in charge of both the state and the church.

What was the name of the most famous church in the Byzantine Empire?
A. Novellae
B. Hagia Sophia
C. Wall of Theodosius
D. Church of St. Basil

3. What language did most people in the Byzantine Empire speak?
A. Greek
B. Latin
C. Arabic
D. Russian

4. Which was NOT true about life in Constantinople?
A. There were merchants from Asia, Africa, and Europe.
B. People could enjoy live entertainment at the Hippodrome.
C. Women and men had equal rights under the law.
D. The city had law courts, schools, and hospitals.

5. Which was NOT a contributing factor to the fall of the Byzantine Empire?
A. The Plague of Justinian
B. Attacks by the Lombards, Slavs, and Russians
C. The rise of Islam
D. The Nika Rebellion

6. What is the leader of the Eastern Orthodox church called?
A. Patriarch
B. Pope
C. Icon
D. Saint

7. Which is NOT true about the Eastern Orthodox church?
A. Services are conducted in Greek or other local languages.
B. Divorce is never allowed.
C. Priests may be married.
D. They use icons for worship.

8. Why was the Cyrillic alphabet created?
A. For preserving ancient Greek writings
B. So that Slavs could read the Bible in their own language
C. To write the Justinian Code
D. To make Russian an official language of the Byzantine Empire
Passage on Plague of Justinian

9. Read the passage on the Plague of Justinian above. Then, in 2-3 sentences, describe how the plague may have made the Byzantine Empire more vulnerable to enemy attacks.

10. Read the Primary Source above. Then, in 2-3 sentences, explain how St. Basil believed Christians should behave.

1. The answer is true.

Explanation:

The Byzantine Emperors in contrast to rulers on the West were both secular and religious leaders. They were seen as descendants of Roman emperors. Still, as their country was enormous they gave the religious power to patriarchs. There wasn't only one patriarch, but the patriarch of Constantinople had the largest authority.

2. b. Hagia Sophia

Explanation:

During the Justinian's period the capital - Constantinople  was beautified. The magnificent church Haghia Sophia was built in this period . It was a central church in the city until the 15th Century. Then, when the Ottomans conquered Constantinople, it became a mosque. Today, this is a museum in the city of Istanbul.

3. Greek

Explanation:

Although they considered themselves Roman, Byzantines spoke Greek language. At the beginning the official language was Latin, as it was in the Roman Empire, but somewhere from the 6th Century, Greek became an official language of the whole country, and it would be until the end of Byzantine Empire.

4. C. Women and men had equal rights under the law.

Explanation:

Women had rights under the law, but not the same as the man did. For example, they could own property. Constantinople was the largest city in Europe in that period. Hippodrome was a place where according to estimates around 30 000 people could spectate the events. It was also a trade center, with many public schools, hospitals

5. D. The Nika Rebellion

Explanation:

Nika Rebellion was an unsuccessful attempt of overthrowing the reigning emperor in 6th Century. Racing fans started riots in 532, but the government restored order violently after emperor’s smart and powerful wife, Theodora convinced him to stay and fight. After that Justinian started his famous campaigns on the West.

6. A. Patriarch

Explanation:

The church in the Byzantine Empire was not as centralized as Catholic church. The Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople was the most important religious leader on the east . Except him a large role was played by the patriarchs of Antioch, Jerusalem, Alexandria...  They spread Christianity through larger part of Eastern Europe.

7. B. Divorce is never allowed.

Explanation:

Icons are one the most important part of Orthodox church, and can be found in every one. Marriage is not prohibited among priests, while services are conducted in different languages. Divorce is allowed, although you need to have the blessing or better say the permit to divorce yourself.

8. B. So that Slavs could read the Bible in their own language

Explanation:

The most famous students of Cyril and Methodius were Clement and Naum . They spread Christianity, opened the monasteries and schools . Clement created the second Slavic alphabet – Cyrillic . They  also translated books into Cyrillic in order to close Christianity to the people . Cyrillic letter was accepted by the Macedonians, Serbs, Bulgarians, and also in Zeta and Bosnia .

I can't answer the last two questions, because there are no sources here!

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