How can sample data be used to form an estimate about the population?

A range can be calculated to relate the sample to the population and solved to form an estimate.

An expression can be written to relate the mean to the random group and solved to form an estimate.

A proportion can be written to relate the sample to the mean and solved to form an estimate.

A proportion can be written to relate the sample to the population and solved to form an estimate.

A proportion can be solved to relate the sample to the population  and solved to form an estimate.

Explanation:

In statistic, proportion refers to a percentage of the population that can be used as a comparative representation to the whole population. By taking samples that proportionate to the population, researchers can determine a general characteristics that held by the whole population.

For example,

Let's say that you wanted to know the popularity of product X among teenagers New York. There are around 2 million teenagers in New York, so collecting information from every single one of them is basically impossible.

But, you can create an estimate using sample data.

From that 2 million, you just need to take around 2000 random teenagers as a sample.  You can ask those 2000 teenagers' opinion about product X. If their general opinion about the product is positive, it is most likely that the rest of teenagers would think the same.

where is the passage

i cant solve it without knowing the passage

paul willis (born 1950) is a british social scientist known for his work in sociology and cultural studies. paul willis' work is widely read in the fields of sociology, anthropology, and education, his work emphasizing consumer culture, socialization, music, and popular culture. he was born in wolverhampton[1] and received his education at the university of cambridge and at the university of birmingham. he worked at centre for contemporary cultural studies and subsequently at the university of wolverhampton. he was a professor of social/cultural ethnography at keele university. in the autumn of 2010, he left keele university and is now a professor at princeton university.

paul willis’s work has focused mainly, but not exclusively, on the ethnographic study of lived cultural forms in a wide variety of contexts. from highly structured to weakly structured ones, willis examines how practices of `informal cultural production` to produce and construct cultural worlds `from below`.[2]

trained in literary criticism at cambridge,[2] paul willis received his phd in 1972 from the centre for contemporary cultural studies at birmingham university where he remained as senior research fellow until 1981. he gave a paper at the 9th symposium of the natiohnal deviancy conference in january 1972 entitled 'a motor-bike subculture

during the 1980`s willis served as youth policy adviser to wolverhampton borough council in the english midlands. there he produced the youth review (published by the council and ashgate) which formed the basis for youth policy and for the formation of the democratically elected youth council, both still functioning. during the 1990s he served first as head of the division of media, communications and cultural studies, and then as a member of the professoriate at the university of wolverhampton. in 2000 willis co-founded the sage journal, ethnography. in 2003 willis was hired as a head professor of social and cultural ethnography at keele university.