What were the key programs of the second new deal, and in what ways did the extend federal aid

The Supreme Court's unconstitutionality decisions severely limited the effect of the anti-depression laws passed in the First New Deal, that went from 1933 to 1934. Faced with this situation, Congress approved a new economic and social reform package better known as the "Second New Deal".

The most important act of the second reform package was undoubtedly the Social Security Act, intended to establish a social security and protection system in the United States on the model of other states. The measure, financed by contributions from employers and workers as well as funds from the federal budget, made contributions in the event of unemployment, old age and disability.  

After the declaration of unconstitutionality of the National Industrial Recovery Act, Congress passed a new law intended to support the rights of workers and unions. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (familiarly called the Wagner Act, named after the senator who created it) recognized the workers' right to discuss wages and organize themselves into free and independent unions. The law also created an institution that was to prevent companies from resorting to irregular work practices.