Rutherford theory was identified by?

down below

Explanation:

Ernest Rutherford disproved Thomson's theory of the atom in 1911 when he showed that atoms are mostly composed of empty space. Rutherford discovered this by firing alpha rays - helium nuclei - at a thin sheet of gold foil. The predicted results of Rutherford's experiment.

the right answer is the third one: turnpikes went short distances to connect markets. turnpikes, also known as toll roads, were very important for trade and transportation (of people, goods and products) in the 19th century, coinciding with the expansion towards the west. they contributed significantly to the economic development of the united states.