In the eighteenth century, many liberal thinkers believed that representatives institutions could defend the liberty and interests of the people. What did this mean in terms of political practice?

Explanation:

Individual contributors to classical liberalism and political liberalism are associated with the Enlightenment philosophers. Liberalism as a specifically named ideology begins at the end of the 18th century as a movement towards self-government and away from the aristocracy. It included the ideas of self-determination, the primacy of the individual and the nation, as opposed to the state and religion, as fundamental units of law, politics and economics. Since then, liberalism has expanded to include a wide range of approaches by Americans Ronald Dworkin, Richard Rorty, John Rawls and Francis, as well as the Indind the Peruvian Hernando de Soto. Some of these people moved away from liberalism, while others defended other ideologies before resorting to liberalism. There are many different opinions about what constitutes liberalism, and some liberals would feel that some of the people on this list were not true liberals. It is not intended to be an exhaustive list. Theorists whose ideas were mainly typical of a country should be included in that country's liberalism section. Usually, only thinkers are on the list, politicians only appear on the list when, along with their active political work, they have also made substantial contributions to liberal theory.

b) a state law could be declared illegal if it contradicted the constitution.

explanation:

the conflict of this case originated when james w. mcculloch, a cashier of the baltimore branch of the second bank of the united states that the congress had chartered in 1816, refused to pay a tax imposed by the maryland state.

in the case, the state of maryland appealed that the establishment of a second bank was unconstitutional since the constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to congress. however, the case determined that even if such right wasn't specifically stated in the constitution, it was part of the "implied powers" of the government enunciated in article i, section 8.

the case also eliminated maryland's legislation to impose taxes to a national bank, asserting that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the constitution's laws are supreme and can not be controlled by the states, therefore, if a state law contradicts the constitution, it should be declared illegal.

explanation:

c would be the correct !

hope this !

~bbgluver