Use your own words to explain what the phrase "checks and balances" means
when referring to the Constitution.

A fundamental principle of American government, guaranteed by the Constitution, whereby each branch of the government (executive, judicial, and legislative) has some measure of influence over the other branches and may choose to block procedures of the other branches.

Explanation:

i believe it would be capitalism

after the roman empire, the catholic church began to unify by taking on many duties of a government.