When did operations management emerge as a formal field of study? A. during the nineteenth century B. during the early 1900s C. during the late 1950s and early 1960s D. during World War II E. during the late 1970s and early 1980s

C. during the late 1950s and early 1960s.

Explanation:

Operation management is about making the process of product's manufacturing and fulfilling the customer's requirement more efficient. It emerge as proper field of business studies in the late 1970s and 1980s.

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]