Which of these was a cause of the Panic of 1819?

the answer is b.india

question as stated in comment

why did the chinese require the portuguese to pay for goods in gold and silver when trading?

choices

portuguese goods were less valuable than chinese goods.

the chinese already had a surplus of portuguese goods.

the imperial government wanted to stockpile gold and silver.

portuguese and chinese currencies were not exchangeable.

this a history q n in ancient time, theres no money exchange. so ans is portuguese and chinese currencies were not exchangeable.

urban people were mostly involved in jobs that required phyisical labor they are paid daily wages (minimum wages) from which they evoke their living. daily wages also mean that the day they don't turn up for work ,even due to sickness, they aren't paid anything.

great britain taxed the colonies, but did not allow them to participate in politics. (apex)