The dutch west india company is an example of the government monitoring trade. explain how these chartered companies came

The Dutch west indian company came into existence because the governments of France and England allowed private investors

Formed as chartered group of companies to run business in the area, and in effect develop the colonies in exchange for monopoly control and annual fees. These was a way for the government of France and England to control cost.

Explanation:

The main purpose for establishing the charter was to eliminate competition, mainly from Spanish or Portuguese, between the different trading domains established by the merchants. The company became a medium through which the Dutch colonized most of America in the seventeenth century

increased food supply

improved public health

increased birth rates

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the triple alliance. germany and austria-hungary were already allies by 1879 when, worried about a threat from russia, they formed the dual alliance. italy joined the group in 1882. there was a concern about a possible attack from france and the alliance needed powerful friends to defend it.