a political-economic system that generally includes an authoritarian government:

communism
capitalism

taxation that is paid in kind, that is with goods or services rather than money

the correct answer is "ethnic heritage".

a person's ethnicity can influence a lot the way he/she votes.

in the united states, for example, black people tend to vote democratic. it happens because the society builds a strong division among people, and equals tend to mingle and support equals. black people's votes in a whole will most certaintly lean towards a candidate or a party which supports the fight against racism.