What were the crusades? what brought about the crusades, were they successful, and what is their historical significance? explain.

Crusades were declared by the pope Urban II in the 11th century (1095) in today´s French city of Clermond-Ferrand. The motive of it was the occupations of the Holy Land by Seljuk Turcs. Who instigated this act of the pope was Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos who asked Urban II for help. Thus the 1st Crusade was initiated. In fact it was the most expressive and expansive and military aspect of medieval Christianity

Explanation: Crusades is a perfect manifestation of the narrow link between papacy and secular power (kings and emperors) and of medieval times.

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explanation:

max weber's 3 types of authority. the sociologist and philosopher  max weber  distinguishes  three types of authority—charismatic,  traditional  and legal-rational—each of which corresponds to a brand of  leadership that is operative in contemporary society.