Why did the islamic world suffer hardship during the 1200s and 1300s?

a.
christian soldiers of the byzantine empire forced muslims under their control to accept christianity or face death.

b.
mongol armies rode out of central asia to invade and conquer first one part and then another part of the muslim world.

c.
muslim tyrants kept their subjects in serfdom and poverty.

d.
western european kings sent armies to retake jerusalem and capture as many muslims as possible to use as slaves.

1. discovered the new world balboa 2. explored the north american southwest hudson 3. his crew was the first to sail around the world vespucci 4. conquered the incas of peru cortes 5. discovered the pacific ocean columbus 6. conquered the aztecs of mexico cabot 7. discovered fishing grounds off newfoundland pizarro 8. looted spanish vessels for england drake 9. claimed the hudson river area for dutch coronado 10. priest who explored the mississippi marquette 11. man for whom the new world is named magellan