An effective summary should begin with a sentence that contains the author's name, the title of the text, and?
a- the length of the original text
b- the author's birthdate
c- the date of publication
d- the main idea of the entire text

federal appellate courts are called courts of appeals. cases can be further appealed to the u.s. supreme court. cases are heard for the first time in a trial court. if either party disagrees with the decision in the trial court, they can appeal, asking a higher court to review the decision.

the causes of the dust bowls were severe droughts,   lands became dry and hard, temperature was higher than usual, hot and dry conditions killed crops, high winds. because of those factors, the winds kicked up dry soil and created clouds of dust.

answer; professor;