What were black codes and how did thrley limit the rights of african americans in the south

In the United States the Black Codes were laws passed by democrat-controlled Southern states in 1865-1866 after the Civil War. These laws kept African Americans from having rights. They limited their rights because during the slavery years it was only a white supremacist so African Americans didn't have many virtue.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

"germany's geographic location was an advantage when it was on the offensive in the war because it was situated next to an extremely wide river, the rhine, which was difficult for the allies to cross."