The relationship between rich southern planters and poor southern farmers:
a. was strained by planters’ insistence that farmers participate in the slave patrols.
b. was complicated by the strong antislavery movement among poor farmers in the 1850s.
c. showed itself in politics, as most poor farmers became whigs and most wealthy planters became democrats.
d. benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.
e. led to numerous violent uprisings in the southern hill country.

Option: d. benefited in part from a sense of unity bred by criticism from outsiders.

Explanation:

The Southern planters criticized by the outsiders like the North over the practice of slavery. In the northern states, people have always rejected slavery describing it as an evil practice by having anti-slave policies and beliefs. The rich and poor Southern planters categorized as the slave practitioners by the northern states, who forced the African American slaves to work in fields, also punished them harshly.  

europe would not recognize the confederacy as an independent nation.

the us constitution is a living document, meaning that it can be changed over time as the country changes.