What were the values of the middle class? how did they differ from the values of those above and below them on the socioeconomic ladder? in what ways are these values similar to or different from those held by the middle class today?

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

Social classes began to be more notorious in the US society when industrialization in the North region became the dominant driver of the economic force. Wealth started to be distributed unequally among members of society that started to live by different standards. It also included their view about social issues such as slavery. Wealthy families associated with other rich families to protect their economic interests. Meanwhile, the middle class, formed by merchants and artisans, worked daily to maintain a decent level of living. So they based their results in hard work, preparation, and persistence. They couldn't afford a day off because they feared that they could lose their small business and fall to the low-class level, where workers earned low wages and suffered to make a living. If we are honest, not much has changed since those days, compared to what we era living now in modern classy society, where just a small number of wealthy families possess 80% of the wealthiness, while the majority of the people try to make a living with the rest 20%.

both believe in many god or polytheism

both built temples that they worshiped in both civilization's god were humanoid

both groups made religion a large portion of their lives

both believe in one religion throughout

the dead were buried with items for the afterlife