In gomillion v. lightfoot (1960), the supreme court ruled the gerrymanders were not constitutional.

The racial gerrymanders is the answer.  The Supreme Court ruled that the new boundaries were aimed at excluding African Americans from voting.  It violated the Fourteenth Amendment and the Equal Protection Clause by moving an entire population of Blacks out of the district.

treating native americans justly and giving them equal rights as citizens of the united states" was not a way in which americans sought to solve the indian problem. removal was the most popular idea.