How does a european union promote the economic philosophy of free trade?
a. by punishing european corporations for economic exploitation in poor countries
b. by providing european countries with loans when the world bank refuses to them
c. buy encouraging european states to adopt a shared currency and eliminate trade breaks
d. by establishing high terrace on non-european goods to protect european industries

a free market economy requires less state intervention. concurrently, it often requires a degree of democratisation of its institutions which- to a certain extent- facilitates economic activity. at the same time, a free market economy appears to be reliant on democracy for its functioning.

william marbury filed suit against secretary of state james madison because madison refused to deliver the justice of the peace commission former president john adams awarded marbury under the organic act of 1801.

the expansion of the rule of empires over other territories took place as a result of several reasons including economic, ethnocentric, political, and religious, and exploratory purposes.

in terms of economic purposes: imperial governments aimed to maximize profits and with that purpose they neeeded cheap labor, access to or control of markets to sell or buy products. they also desired to find natural resources (precious metals and land). in the awake of   industrial revolution, dependent colonies provided the necessary raw materials that european factories and market needed to manufacture products.  

ethnocentric: many territories were conquered by imperial territories in an attempt to spread their cultures, values and belief as they considered them to be superior. in the late 19th century, for example, european powers held   the racist belief that inferior races should be conquered in order to “civilize” them.

political: another reason that drove conquer and expansion was patriotism and growing imperial power. it refers to national prestige, pride, and security. empires sought strategic territory to ensure access for their navies and armies around the world.

religious: the aim of converting new member of other religions was another factor that prompted expansion.   christian missionaries from europe established churches in conquered territories during the nineteenth century. thus, they spread western cultural values. furthermore, the imperial nation’s language was spread as well, through educational and religious interactions.

exploratory: imperial nations or their citizens aimed to explore territory that was unknown to them,   for different purposes including medical or scientific research, however, at the very   beginning, they did it to embark on adventure. furthermore, imperial explorers sought to discover, map, and claim territory before their imperial competition did, for national and personal glory as well as to realize the imperialist goal of expansion.

adopted the practice of proskynesis, a persian court custom that involved bowing down and kissing the hand of others, depending on their rank.