What was the us riot commission report of 1968 ?

it was the Kerner Commission, it was a special project that helped get African Americans out of poverty

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

d) iowa i believe is the answer