Read the excerpt from "what to the slave is the fourth of july? ”

is it not astonishing that, while we are ploughing, planting, and reaping, using all kinds of mechanical tools, erecting houses, constructing bridges, building ships, working in metals of brass, iron, copper, silver and gold; that, while we are reading, writing and ciphering, acting as clerks, merchants and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators and teachers; that, while we are engaged in all manner of enterprises common to other men, digging gold in california, capturing the whale in the pacific, feeding sheep and cattle on the hill-side, living, moving, acting, thinking, planning, living in families as husbands, wives and children, and, above all, confessing and worshipping the christian’s god, and looking hopefully for life and immortality beyond the grave, we are called upon to prove that we are men!

based on the excerpt above, what was most likely true about this time in the nation’s history?

whaling was the most profitable industry for african americans.

ships were the primary means of transporting goods for african americans.

african americans were performing the same duties as others without the same rights.

more industries were created by african americans during this period than any other time in our nation’s history.

African Americans were performing the same duties as others without the same rights.

Explanation:

This speech, given by Frederick Douglas during 1852, was symbolic of United States during the middle of the 19th century. During this time, millions of African Americans were enslaved and forced to work on plantations. At this time, many slaves were considered property and not people. Even though these slaves did the same labor as other citizens, they had almost no rights in terms of politics or economics. This is why Douglas writes this speech. His goal is to show the contradictions within American society.

The correct option is: African Americans were performing the same duties as others without the same rights.

In this way, we can infer by the excerpt given above that this was true about that time in American history.

b. parliament was weaker than the monarchy.

from thales, who is often considered the first western philosopher, to the stoics and skeptics, ancient greek philosophy opened the doors to a particular way of thinking that provided the roots for the western intellectual tradition. here, there is often an explicit preference for the life of reason and rational thought. we find proto-scientific explanations of the natural world in the milesian thinkers, and we hear democritus posit atoms—indivisible and invisible units—as the basic stuff of all matter. with socrates comes a sustained inquiry into ethical matters—an orientation towards human living and the best life for human beings. with plato comes one of the most creative and flexible ways of doing philosophy, which some have since attempted to imitate by writing philosophical dialogues covering topics still of interest today in ethics, political thought, metaphysics, and epistemology. plato’s student, aristotle, was one of the most prolific of ancient authors. he wrote treatises on each of these topics, as well as on the investigation of the natural world, including the composition of animals. the hellenists—epicurus, the cynics, the stoics, and the skeptics—developed schools or movements devoted to distinct philosophical lifestyles, each with reason at its foundation.

with this preference for reason came a critique of traditional ways of living, believing, and thinking, which sometimes caused political trouble for the philosophers themselves. xenophanes directly challenged the traditional anthropomorphic depiction of the gods, and socrates was put to death for allegedly inventing new gods and not believing in the gods mandated by the city of athens. after the fall of alexander the great, and because of aristotle’s ties with alexander and his court, aristotle escaped the same fate as socrates by fleeing athens. epicurus, like xenophanes, claimed that the mass of people is impious, since the people conceive of the gods as little more than superhumans, even though human characteristics cannot appropriately be ascribed to the gods. in short, not only did ancient greek philosophy pave the way for the western intellectual tradition, including modern science, but it also shook cultural foundations in its own time.