Astate refusing to follow the federal law would be guilty of

Violating the Supremacy cause. This is a clause that is present in paragraph 2 of Article VI of the constitution of the US.

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affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

photos creat an ovveral image of the civil war