How did immigration patterns in the late 1800's differ from earlier immigration patterns?

Plz , ive been stuck on this forever. what action did president jefferson take to stop britain and france from seizing american merchant ships. a. he declared war on france. b. he called for increased tariffs on british and french goods. c. he called for embargo on all foreign trade. d. he declared war on britain.

He scientific revolution encouraged scientists and philosophers to

How does he election of president andrew jackson illustrate the nation’s westward growth?