What distinction does thoreau make between law and justice?

The correct answer is:  

The law is a means to justice.  

People obey the law because they believe is aligned with their social sense of justice. The law is not an end in itself, but solely a means to reach justice. When this connection between law and justice is forgotten, the laws themselves are bound to become a device of injustice.  

the statement the greek philosophers aristotle and plato would be most likely to agree with is statement c, a countries leader should be motivated by the common good of the country.

the correct answer is:

b) a rich merchant.