Which of the following is not a characteristics of a civilization?

C. complex road systems.

Explanation:

There are some definitions related to the word civilization. In general terms these mainly relates to the inhabitants of a region/location and how they sustain themselves as an organized society.  The Latin word “civilis” refers to one who resides in a town.

Therefore, for an organized society to exist there is need for the inhabitants:

City:

to reside and share a common geographical region, favorable for their permanence, stability of its inhabitants, provides some form of defense and protection from enemies. Such a city should have planned entry points, road networks, office or palace of the ruler, open congregational spaces for religious worship and trading/ commerce and monuments. The most prized locations are hierarchically distributed in favor of the residence of the ruler and his or her court, the priests, chiefs and finally the houses of the inhabitants.

Religion:

A  religion common to the majority of its inhabitants that, encompasses the beliefs and thought-principles of the people and executed by a hierarchical body comprised of priests and chief priests who are believed to have influence over the decisions taken by the government or ruling body and its people.

Economic activity:

An economic activity for self-sustenance in line with the needs of the people and inhabitants.  For example farming and agriculture, trading and commerce etc.  There is normally a hierarchical social structure whereby certain groups in the society are known to provide/work in different types of economic activities.

Road systems are a part of the city or town planning however it may not be complex in nature.

Other examples of characteristics of a civilization:

i think your answer there is c