Following the death of muhammad , islam split into these two main groups called

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Sunni Islam and Shia Islam

Following the death of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H), a dispute broke out over who would succeed as the first caliph. The Islamic community was divided over who rightfully deserved to be the next caliph, where one side demanded for Ali to hold the position, while the other group with beliefs that resonated with the caliphate being elected into position vouched for Abu Bakr.

This resulted in a split with those supporting the appointment of Abu Bakr were known as Sunni Muslims, and the group of individuals who demanded Ali to hold the position being known as Shia Muslims.

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according to the passage the most suitable options are two. the first one is "by leading the aef to victory in several key battles" like the battle of saint- mihiel and the battle of cantigny mentioned in the passage you copied here. the second one is "by the aef and allied forces defeat germany" since the passage says that his army destroy the german resistance in the meuse- argonne offensive. and also, "by insisting that the aef operate as an independent force".

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we need the map to answer the question