The first contested presidential election pitted john adams against james madison. question 8 options:
a. true
b. false

The answer is false. You are referring to the 1796 Presidential Election, in which John Adams, of the Federalist Party, defeated Thomas Jefferson, of the Democratic-Republican Party. This was, however, a very particular presidential election, since, for the first time, the president (Adams) and the vice-president (Jefferson) were from different political parties.  

lincoln presided over the union victory in the american civil war, which dominated his presidency. a former whig, lincoln ran on a political platform opposed to the expansion of slavery in the territories. his election served as the immediate impetus for the outbreak of the american civil war.

the cost of college has risen faster than inflation for many years.

the high price of student services and administration are two reasons for the rapid increase in cost.