Which political party of the late 1800s proposed a graduated income tax and direct election of us senators

Populists proposed a graduated income tax and direct election of US senators.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

because it took place after the war of 1812 had come to an end.