Which describes a strength in american society in the late 1800s?

Is karma the same as destiny, in the sense that everything that happens to you is predetermined? do you believe that "what goes around comes around," and if so is this the same as karma? does everyone get what they deserve, in the end?

4. any area in which one nation has power over another; i.e. - this happened to china when it was defeated by japan

How did the protestant reformation and scientific revolution advance individualism and liberal reforms?