Besides france, which two european countries the united states during the american revolution? ! what is amp?

Spain and the Dutch Republic (Holland) are the two other European countries that helped the US. Amp is short for Ampere Which is the base measure for electrical current, I hope this helps

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).