Drawing on what you have learned in this reading and the previous readings, write a paragraph that describes the role of community colleges in the california education system.

The California Community Colleges (CCC) system, established in 1967, is the largest higher-education system in the United States, serving more than 2 million students.  According to their own statement of purpose, the California Community Colleges exist to "provide students with the knowledge and background necessary to compete in today’s economy."  The California Education Code says that "California Community Colleges shall, as a primary mission, offer academic and vocational instruction at the lower division level for both younger and older students, including those persons returning to school."  The community college system provides workforce training (technical courses) as well as two-year programs that enable students to prepare for and transfer into 4-year colleges and universities.

1. international: struggle for hegemony and empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state

2. political conflict: conflict between the monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.

3. the enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in montequieu’s spirit of the laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in rousseau’s social contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the literary underground of “grub street; ” the broadening influence of public opinion.

4. social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie

5. ineffective ruler: louis xvi

6. economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.