Eugene “bull” connor, the commissioner of public safety in birmingham in the 1960s, arrested members of the ku klux klan. bailed martin luther king jr. out of jail. protected protesters from white resisters. led a violent crackdown on civil rights protests.

The correct answer is: Eugene “Bull” Connor, the commissioner of public safety in Birmingham in the 1960s, led a violent crackdown on civil rights protests.

Connor was Birmingham's public safety commissioner since 1937.  

He maintained racist policies, in opposition to the growing Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and '60s.  

In the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, led by Martin Luther King Jr., where African American school children marched for desegregation, Connor´s law enforcement met them with high-pressure water cannons and attack dogs.

led a violent crackdown on civil rights protests.

Explanation:

led a violent crackdown on civil rights protests.

d) eastern business owners and former federalists