The right to or the right of parties in a dispute to have their case determined by a group of ordinary citizens, dates back in england to the magna carta (1215).

the mongolian invasion of china and central asia resulted in a disruption of the silk road as the chinese garrisons lost support from the chinese kingdoms which fell under the mongols. however, as the mongols established a formal dynasty in china, the successors of genghis khan restored the garrisons along the silk road allowing the safe travel caravans again.

that is probably something for you to answer