By the late 1800s, was largely made up of citizens who did not speak a common language and did not share one another's cultural values.

Chicago

This resulted in delinquency and crime gaining tract as a growing problem. Consequently, there was need for a solution to the problem which contributed to the development of the Chicago school of criminology. This is one of the most valid theories of crime which can be applied to solve crime.

the conditions that made the byzantine empire vulnerable to attacks by the muslin turks were the sack of constantinople by western crusaders, the conquests of the sultanate of rum, presence of rival kingdoms and finally the set up of fiefdoms at the empire which were owned by the ghazis (turkish warriors).