An older male patient reports urinary frequency, back pain, and nocturia. a dipstick urinalysis reveals hematuria. what will the provider do next to evaluate this condition?

An older male patient reports urinary frequency, back pain, and nocturia. A dipstick urinalysis reveals hematuria. The provider does PSA (prostate-specific antigen) and a digital rectal exam to evaluate this condition.

Further Explanation:

Hematuria condition referred to as presence of blood in the urine of an individual. There are 2 kinds of hematuria, namely, gross and microscopic hematuria. Gross one occurs when the individual can observe blood in their urine whereas microscopic is when the individual is not able to see the blood in the urine, but it is found under the microscope. The major causes of hematuria are:

Urinary infection Period in women Kidney cancer Enlarged Prostate in older age people Bladder or kidney stones Prostate infection Kidney disease Bladder cancer Tough workout

The patient is older so there is a high chance of having an enlarged prostate. To evaluate the condition of hematuria doctor performs mainly two tests:

PSA (prostate-specific antigen)  digital rectal exam

In PSA test, doctor measures the concentration of prostate-specific antigen in the blood of the patient. The normal range of PSA is . The higher concentration shows abnormal conditions of the prostate. For a digital rectum exam, the doctor will lubricate a gloved finger and insert gently it into the rectum. The prostate is present near the rectum, and if it’s irregular or enlarged in shape. Then the physician can easily detect the cause of the disease.  

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Answer Details:

Grade: High school

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Autoimmune diseases

Keywords:

Prostate-specific antigen, enlarged shape, rectum, tough workout, bladder cancer, kidney disease, enlarged prostate, urinary infection.

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