Following extinction, a conditioned response can be learned again more quickly than it was learned originally. this process is called

This is termed as spontaneous recovery.

In Psychology, the area of study where behaviors and learning are the focus is termed as behaviorism. Behaviorists focuses on discerning behaviors that are favorable and reinforced rather than those unconditioned and punished.
One type of behavioral conditioning called operant conditioning recognizes punishment and reinforcement.

As long as it was one lick and the dog is a bigger dog, it should be fine. watch it carefully for a few days.