Which of the following correctly lists the structures through which gustatory stimuli travel after being converted into neural signals

a. cranial nerves, insular cortex, thalamus

b. thalamus, insular cortex, cranial nerves

c. insular cortex, thalamus, cranial nerves

d. cranial nerves, thalamus, insular cortex

The right answer is Cranial nerves, thalamus, insular cortex.

* The taste pathways, from the nerve endings of the taste cells, borrow nerves to join the nuclei of the brain stem, thalamus and hypothalamus to finally reach the somatosensory cortex.

* Each taste cell transmits information to several amyelinic afferent fibers, and each of these receives information from several sensory cells.

* The taste fibers walk in three cranial nerves:

- the facial nerve (VII),

- the glosso-pharyngeal nerve (IX),

- the vagus or pneumogastric nerve (X).

* The central extensions of these three neurons penetrate into the bulb and end in the gustatory nucleus (info), part of the nucleus of the solitary tract.

* The solitary tract is a set of vegetative fibers from the dorsal core of the wave, so in contact with all the viscera, carotid sinus fibers and taste fibers. The nucleus of the solitary tract is a bulbar relay on the taste pathways (VII, IX and X), but also receives vegetative fibers of the mixed nerves. This reflex center is essential and projects on the marrow, the brainstem and the thalamus (and thence on the cerebral cortex of the insula).

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