Probation release is often tied to which focuses on first-time offenders when they are sentenced to a short period of incarceration and then reenter the community under supervision.
a. shock incarceration
b. rehabilitation
c. convalescence
d. psychotherapy

a. shock incarceration

Explanation:

Shock incarceration is a kind of penalization procedure. In this the convicted first-time offender is sentenced to prison and starts serving in the sentence. After 3-6 months, the judge again sentences the prisoners for probation. The prisoner is allowed to release from imprisonment and allowed to re-enter the community under supervision.

This type of punishment is given to the offender by the judge who believes that this punishment will give a chance to the prisoner to reform by giving a shock of imprisonment for a short period.

the last statement is correct i.e.

when your heart is not pumping enough blood around your body because your heart is severely failing, you may need an artificial heart. an artificial heart is a mechanical device, about the size of an orange, that is connected to your heart or implanted in your chest to or replace a failing heart.