Upon jade's diagnosis, some of the other people on jade's trip were contacted and given a skin test that detects histoplasma capsulatum exposure. although several people in the traveling cohort tested positive for an exposure, no one aside from jane had any signs or symptoms of the disease. strangely, one of these people, a graduate student from ohio, never even went into the caves, yet still had a positive skin test result. how can this be explained? (nclex-hesi-teas style
a. the fungus is endemic in several places, but it rarely causes disease
b. jade is immunocompromised and, therefore, easily spread the disease to others
c. everyone was exposed and infected (even spreading it to one another), but cases transmitted from one person to another are unlikely to cause signs or symptoms.
d. the tests that came back positive must have been false positives

The parents of a 9-year-old girl bring their daughter to the ed. for the last 12 hours, the child has suffered severe nausea and vomiting, as well as diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. further discussion with the child indicates that she suffers from blurred vision and headache. the parents originally were worried about bringing the child to the ed because they feared deportation since the family are illegal immigrants employed to pick strawberries on a nearby farm. on direct questionning, the parents admit that the child was assisting with spraying crops with pesticides the previous day. none of the family members was wearing any protecting clothing. her bp is 88/48 mmhg, pulse is 90/min, rr 33/min, temp 38 c. the child appears sweaty and confused. auscultation of the lungs reveals a diffuse wheeze bilaterally. pupils are miotic and the child has diffuse muscle weakness. which of the following interventions is the most appropriate treatment? - atropine- charcoal- glucagon- naloxone- exposure: consider organophosphate poisoning, which inhibits cholinesterase and results in accumulation of ach in both muscarinic and nicotinic sites. pralidoxime activates achatropine competes with ach only at muscarinic receptors, but will not reverse nicotinic effectscharcoal = gastric decontaminationglucagon = reverse beta-blocker overdosenaloxone = reverse effects of opioids