Yesterday, jenny ran in a marathon race. while she ran, she drank several large cups of water at water stations along the race course. at the end of the race, she experienced difficulty making it to the finish line. she was confused, and she complained of having a headache and feeling dizzy. based on this information, jenny was probably suffering from
a. kidney failure
b. brain cancer
c. heat cramps
d. water intoxification

You are assessing an 86-year-old postoperative patient who has an unexpressive, stoic demeanor. when you enter the room, the patient is curled into the fetal position and your assessment reveals that his vital signs are elevated and he is diaphoretic. you ask the patient what his pain level is on a 0-to-10 scale that you explained to the patient prior to surgery. the patient indicates a pain level of “three or so.” you review your pain-management orders and find that all medications are ordered prn. how would you treat this patient's pain?