What organelles are required for a paramecium to survive in its environment?

In which way does nicotine cause addiction? by stimulating the brain's pleasure center by increasing blood-sugar levels by decreasing dopamine levels by reducing depression and anxiety

John and jane jones’ newborn baby girl, leah, has just been diagnosed with galactosemia. prior to their genetic counseling appointment, they submitted this family history: john and jane’s older child, a son named lee, does not have galactosemia. john is the only child of hanna and harry. harry was an only child. hanna has two older sisters, hope (the oldest) and holly. both harry and hanna’s parents lived in good health into their 80s. jane’s brother, joe, is married to jen. they have a son, les, who is a healthy nine-year-old with myopia (nearsightedness) but no sign of galactosemia. jane’s mother, hilda, is alive and healthy; jane’s father, henry, passed away last year of a sudden heart attack. hilda and henry have no family history of galactosemia. use the information in the family history to construct a pedigree for this family.

Zoom out so that you can see the whole state of california. select the ruler tool again, but change the type of measurement from line to path. create a path from san francisco to las vegas, to los angeles, to san diego. what is the total length of this path in kilometers and in meters?