Why is soda considered bad for your teeth, particularly if you don't brush regularly?

Adouble-blinded trial for a new indication is conducted under an ind comparing two (2) marketed drugs, at twice the approved prescribed doses. on day 2, subject 603 had difficulty breathing. although it was life-threatening initially, subject 603 was treated and discharged directly from the emergency department after complete recovery. on day 5, subject 20 had a headache, which led to hospitalization and required blood pressure lowering medications. these episodes cannot be explained on the basis of the pharmacological property of either drug or the subjects' medical histories. the investigator would submit an sae report for: a. neither of the subjects b. subject 603 only c. subject 20 only d. both of the subjects

The herpes viruses are important enveloped dna viruses that cause disease in vertebrates and in some invertebrates such as oysters. some of the human forms are herpes simplex virus (hsv) types i and ii, causing facial and genital lesions, and the varicella zoster virus (vsv), causing chicken pox and shingles. each of these three actively infects nervous tissue. primary infections are fairly mild, but the virus is not then cleared from the host; rather, viral genomes are maintained in cells in a latent phase. the virus can later reactivate, replicate again, and infect others.in electron micrographs of hsv infection, it can be seen that the intact virus initially reacts with cell surface proteoglycans, then with specific receptors. this is later followed by viral capsids docking with nuclear pores. afterward, the capsids go from being full to being "empty." which of the following best fits these observations? a) viral capsids are needed for the cell to become infected; only the capsids enter the nucleus.b) the viral envelope is not required for infectivity, since the envelope does not enter the nucleus.c) only the genetic material of the virus is involved in the cell's infectivity, and is injected like the genome of a phage.d) the viral envelope mediates entry into the cell, the capsid mediates entry into the nuclear membrane, and the genome is all that enters the nucleus.

A74-year-old woman, who has been followed for the past 25 years for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comes to the ed complaining of 48 hours of temperature to 38.6 c and worsening shortness of breath. she has a chronic productive cough, which has become more copious. on physical examination, she has rhonchi and increased fremitus in the posterior mid-lung field. a gram's stain reveals many epithelial cells and multiple gram-positive and gram-negative organisms; no neutrophils are seen. which of the following is the most likely organism causing the symptoms? - escherichia coli- haemophilus influenzae- klebsiella pneumoniae- mycobacterium tuberculosis- mycoplasma pneumoniae