What did david livingstone's three c's stand for

David Livingstone's three C's stands for Civilization, Christianity and Commerce.

David Livingstone traveled to Africa with increase awareness in trade and religious ministry but fighting against slavery became his ultimate mission. He adopted the triple C's (civilization, Christianity and commerce) hoping to end the slave trade and restore African dignity.

Although he was a missionary, he knew that his spiritual calling wasn't to preach but to establish routes for commercial trades instead of slave trades. There is a statue at Victoria Fall encrypted with the triple C's motto commemorating his work in Africa.

fertilization is the union of an egg and a sperm cell i believe.

river is shown in this type of map