Geography, 18.01.2022 09:40 josebienka
The temperature of Earth generally increases with depth. The increase in degrees per kilometer is called the geothermal gradient, and geothermal gradients vary from place to place. A crudely average value for the continents is 20°C/km.
(a) What is the average temperature at the base of a normal continental crust of 20 km thickness?
(b) At the same geothermal gradient, what would be the temperature of the basal crust thickened to 50 km in a mountain belt?
(c) If the geothermal gradient at a mid-ocean ridge flank were 75°/km, what would be the temperature at a depth of 10 kilometers, the base of the normal oceanic crust?
(d) If melting occurs at temperatures between 600°C and 1300°C, depending on rock composition, pressure, and abundance of fluids, would any of the sites in (a), (b), or (c) be a possible site of melting?
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