Summarize the process by which new sea floor forms at mid-ocean ridges.

As tectonic plates diverge, lava rises up and forms a mountain like a shape on the ocean floor.
The lava cools down thus forming/adding a new ocean floor.

As tectonic plates converge, the plates go upwards and create a mid-ocean ridge also known as a mountain-like shape.

At the divergent plate boundaries new oceanic lithosphere is formed in the gaps of magma coming up from the mantle. I hope this helps;)

Geothermic gradient is the rate of increasing temperature with respect to increasing the depth in the earths interior. away from tech tonic plates boundaries, it is about 25-40 c/km (72-87 degrees f/mi) of depth near the surface in most of the world.

Idk bro sorry  lava is hotter then magma but im  not sure about it alll