Which statement best contrasts pioneer species and climax communities? Pioneer species are involved in the first stage of succession, and climax communities are involved in the final stage of succession. Pioneer species are involved in the final stage of succession, and climax communities are involved in the first stage of succession. A pioneer species will change into a different species in the climax community. A climax community is made up of multiple pioneer species.

Which statement best explains the relationship between an area's geography and the temperature of its surface water? areas at low altitudes have the warmest water because they receive the most direct sunlight. areas at low altitudes have the warmest water because they have the least change in temperature throughout the year. areas at high latitudes have the warmest water because their days are the longest. areas at high latitudes have the warmest water because they have the longest seasons.