Process, building on older in order to advance new ideas.
The development of science is usually a
es )
A)
gradual; knowledge
B)
scattershot; ideas
hasty, developments
D
laboratory; institutions

A)  gradual; knowledge

Explanation:

Gradual building of knowledge over one another is fundamental way in which science is developed.

Science follows a systematic approach to study an observation. Each step of the scientific method is to build on existing and known idea about a particular phenomenon. An observation is made, questions asked, hypothesis formulated and experiments are designed to know how valid they are. Subsequent researches also builds on this flow of investigating a phenomenon.

Mantle convection is the process that drives plate tectonics. the theory of plate tectonics states that the crust is divided into plates that float on the semi molten mantle below. the circular motion of the magma as it slowly rises and falls or move though convection cells drags the plates along causing them to move. the heat source in the lamp would represent the earth's core. the core is the source of energy that drives convection in the mantle. the lava represents molten magma under the earth's surface. if the lava lamp had floating pieces they would move as the circular motion of the lava in the lamp as it rises and falls would move them along the surface. these floating pieces would represent pieces of the earth's crust. 

Ibelieve the answer is c