Where does surface water collect if it does not flow to the ocean?

How would i answer this for an exam?

17. the soil erosion pictured here is the result of what? a. harvesting renewable resources at a rate greater than the sustainable yield b. a mudslide caused by excessive rains c. harvesting renewable resources at a rate lower than the sustainable yield d. the transition between geologic eras and eons

The creation of the european union has had all of the following effects except