Describe an exception to the patterns pictured at A and B where volcanoes also can form.

An exception to the patterns pictured is when volcanoes form at hot spots in the middle of the continent (far right), the ocean plates (far right plates), or places like the Ring Of Fire. In these (as well as few other locations), volcanoes can form underwater, and even between two tectonic plates. Volcanoes often form at oceanic or continental plate boundaries. You can see that there is a coastal volcano, which suggests the claim above. As mentioned, an exception to this pattern is when these volcanoes form on hot spots, in the middle of each of the plates.

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answer; (d) melting of sea ice;